RF Toolbox

EVM ↔ SNR Converter

Converts between error vector magnitude (EVM) and signal-to-noise ratio (equivalently MER) for a digitally modulated carrier. Enter either an EVM or an SNR and press Calculate; the other is computed, along with the densest QAM constellation the link can support. This assumes EVM is dominated by additive noise (it also captures phase noise, distortion and I/Q errors in practice, which only lower the achievable order).

Equations & Parameters ▸
\(\text{EVM}_{\text{rms}} = 10^{-\text{SNR}/20} \qquad \text{SNR (dB)} = -20\log_{10}\text{EVM}_{\text{rms}}\)
\(\text{EVM (dB)} = 20\log_{10}\text{EVM}_{\text{rms}} = -\text{SNR (dB)}\)
EVMRMS error vector magnitude, as a percentage of the reference constellation's RMS amplitude.
SNR / MERSignal-to-noise ratio (dB). For an ideal reference constellation the modulation error ratio (MER) equals the SNR.
Max QAMDensest constellation whose typical EVM limit (approx. 3GPP) is met by this EVM.
References: M. D. McKinley et al., "EVM calculation for broadband modulated signals," 64th ARFTG Conf., 2004. · 3GPP TS 38.104 (NR base-station EVM requirements).
Inputs
%
RMS, % of reference
dB
Equivalent SNR
Results

Converted

EVM (rms)
EVM (dB)
SNR / MER

Link capability

Suggested max QAM
Diagram