RF Toolbox

Dielectric Loss Tangent

The loss tangent measures how lossy a dielectric is — the ratio of its imaginary to real permittivity. From it you get the dielectric Q, the attenuation a wave suffers travelling through the material, and the wavelength and velocity inside it. Enter the relative permittivity, loss tangent and frequency; add a length to get the total dielectric loss.

Equations & Parameters ▸
\(\varepsilon'' = \varepsilon'\tan\delta,\qquad Q_d = \dfrac{1}{\tan\delta}\)
\(\alpha \approx 27.3\,\dfrac{\sqrt{\varepsilon'}\,\tan\delta}{\lambda_0}\ \text{dB/m},\qquad \lambda = \dfrac{\lambda_0}{\sqrt{\varepsilon'}},\quad v_p = \dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\varepsilon'}}\)
ε′Real relative permittivity (dielectric constant).
tanδLoss tangent = ε″/ε′. FR-4 ≈ 0.02, PTFE ≈ 0.0002, alumina ≈ 0.0001.
fFrequency (GHz).
Path length in the material (mm), optional — gives the total dielectric loss.
α, QdAttenuation (low-loss approximation) and dielectric quality factor.
References: D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 4th ed., Wiley, 2012, §1.6. · R. E. Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering, 2nd ed., Wiley, 2001.
Inputs
Dielectric constant
ε″/ε′
GHz
Operating freq
mm
For total loss
Results

Material

Imag. permittivity ε″
Dielectric Q
Wavelength in material

Loss

Attenuation
Loss over ℓ
Velocity
Diagram